文法題：詞類變化會一直考 動詞時態不一定會考
看到片語「at the moment」一定會是現在進行式
看到has後面可以有：
- has Vpp
- has been Ving（主動）
- has been Vpp（被動） 如，He has been waiting (wait是主動)
以下為主動
要記熟動詞的主動跟被動
過去完成式：Before I came, Helen had written the letter.
過去簡單：After I came, Helen wrote the letter.
I suggest that…：假設語氣
I suggest that (Subject)** (should會省略)** VR…
eg.
- I insist that Bill accompany us.
- I recommended that she not go to the concert.
- The teacher demands that every student be on time.
It is (important, vital, urgent, neccessary…) that (subject)(should會省略) VR…
被動語態沒完全進行
The new course will have started by the 5th of June. It’s too bad that you don’t get back on that date.
過去先發生的一定用過去完成式
Margot had returned from Bangkok when she had to leave for Tokyo.
不能是Margot returned，因為他從曼谷先回來，之後才去東京
Work on the assembly lines was delayed… 不是were delayed.
Mary spilled coffee on the floor while she was sitting in a cafe
used to + live; I am used to living
used to +原型：過去有現在沒有
am used to + ving：則現在有
現在簡單代替未來：固定會發生才會，另外is going to 之類的可以代替未來式
時間子句 When + S+V現在簡單
A number of dental manufacturers are producing…
plaque: 可當作牙菌斑
- However, S+V
- When +S+V, S+V.
- Despite+N/Ving, S+V
- S+V, yet+S+V.（不能放句首）
participate 後面是接 in